Habermas' Paradigms...
Empirical-Analytic: Scientific Paradigm. Evidence is important, prediction and control.
Critical Theoretic: Political Paradigm.
Situational Interpretive: Personal Paradigm; Person's lived reality.
Paradigm Activity:
For this activity we were to chose any phenomenon relating to human sexuality and explain how that phenomenon looks from the perspective of each paradigm.
Here is my example:
Phenomenon: STD's
Empirical Analytic: This paradigm would look at statistics about STD's in the population.
Critical Theoretic: This paradigm would be a political view on the use of conraception and safesex to lower STD rates.
Situational Interpretive: This paradigm would take a look at a specific individuals life and reality of living with an STD and how it affects them.
Principles of Critical Thinking:
1. Be skeptical-->Do not accept any unsupported opinion as fact,
2. Examine Definitions of Terms--> Some statements are true whena term is defined in one way but are untrue when defined in another.
3. Exxamine the assumptions or premises of arguments--> A statement can be true until the many assumptions are dicovered.
4. Be cautious in drawing conclusions from evidence-->Eg. Research establishes that adolescents who listen to music with sexually explicit lyrics often engage in sex at an early age.
5.Consider alternative interpretations of research evidence-->Same example from 4, this shows that correlations between events do not necessarily reveal cause and effect.
6. Consider the kinds of evidence--> Personal opinions are not evidence.
7.Do not oversimplify-->Eg. Homosexuality is a result of being exposed to it, Do not simplify to just one reason.
8. Do not Overgeneralize--> Opposite of 7. Eg. All gay men are feminine and all lesbians are masculine.
*After going through all eight principles it is obvious that nothing can be assumed, all things must have accurate evidence to be true, and that evidence must be supported.
Human Sexuality Research Activity:
i) What is your research activity?
Are homosexuals a result of exposure at a young age?
ii) Hypthesis?
I predict that perhaps a small majority is a result of exposure.
iii) Testing the Hypothesis.
Conduct a survery/ interview of homosexuals to reveal reasons behind their choices.
iv) Drawing Conclusions.
Most homosexuals choose homosexuality without any influences, however some choose homosexuality based on exposure.
This research activity helps us realize that assumptions shouldn't be made without evidence, it is often proven that an ssumption is wrong.
For this activity we were to chose any phenomenon relating to human sexuality and explain how that phenomenon looks from the perspective of each paradigm.
Here is my example:
Phenomenon: STD's
Empirical Analytic: This paradigm would look at statistics about STD's in the population.
Critical Theoretic: This paradigm would be a political view on the use of conraception and safesex to lower STD rates.
Situational Interpretive: This paradigm would take a look at a specific individuals life and reality of living with an STD and how it affects them.
Principles of Critical Thinking:
1. Be skeptical-->Do not accept any unsupported opinion as fact,
2. Examine Definitions of Terms--> Some statements are true whena term is defined in one way but are untrue when defined in another.
3. Exxamine the assumptions or premises of arguments--> A statement can be true until the many assumptions are dicovered.
4. Be cautious in drawing conclusions from evidence-->Eg. Research establishes that adolescents who listen to music with sexually explicit lyrics often engage in sex at an early age.
5.Consider alternative interpretations of research evidence-->Same example from 4, this shows that correlations between events do not necessarily reveal cause and effect.
6. Consider the kinds of evidence--> Personal opinions are not evidence.
7.Do not oversimplify-->Eg. Homosexuality is a result of being exposed to it, Do not simplify to just one reason.
8. Do not Overgeneralize--> Opposite of 7. Eg. All gay men are feminine and all lesbians are masculine.
*After going through all eight principles it is obvious that nothing can be assumed, all things must have accurate evidence to be true, and that evidence must be supported.
Human Sexuality Research Activity:
i) What is your research activity?
Are homosexuals a result of exposure at a young age?
ii) Hypthesis?
I predict that perhaps a small majority is a result of exposure.
iii) Testing the Hypothesis.
Conduct a survery/ interview of homosexuals to reveal reasons behind their choices.
iv) Drawing Conclusions.
Most homosexuals choose homosexuality without any influences, however some choose homosexuality based on exposure.
This research activity helps us realize that assumptions shouldn't be made without evidence, it is often proven that an ssumption is wrong.
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